Flow Client Library (FCL) API Reference
Version: 0.76.0
Last Updated: August 13, 2021
Table of contents
- Flow Client Library (FCL) API Reference
- Table of contents
- Configuration
- Wallet Interactions
- Methods
authenticate
unauthenticate
reauthenticate
signUp
login
authz
currentUser().subscribe
currentUser().snapshot
currentUser().authenticate
currentUser().unauthenticate
currentUser().authorization
currentUser().signUserMessage
discovery
discovery.authn.snapshot()
discovery.authn.subscribe(callback)
- On-chain Interactions
- Methods
- Query and Mutate Flow with Cadence
query
mutate
verifyUserSignatures
send
decode
getAccount
getBlock
atBlockHeight
atBlockId
getBlockHeader
getEventsAtBlockHeightRange
getEventsAtBlockIds
getCollection
getTransactionStatus
getTransaction
getEvents
(Deprecated)getLatestBlock
(Deprecated)getBlockById
(Deprecated)getBlockByHeight
(Deprecated)arg
args
script
transaction
account
latestBlock
tx
events
- Types, Interfaces, and Definitions
Builders
Interaction
CurrentUserObject
AuthorizationObject
SignableObject
AccountObject
Address
ArgumentObject
ArgumentFunction
Authorization Function
Signing Function
TransactionRolesObject
EventName
Contract
KeyObject
BlockObject
BlockHeaderObject
CollectionGuaranteeObject
CollectionObject
ResponseObject
Event Object
Transaction Statuses
GRPC Statuses
FType
Configuration
FCL has a mechanism that lets you configure various aspects of FCL. When you move from one instance of the Flow Blockchain to another (Local Emulator to Testnet to Mainnet) the only thing you should need to change for your FCL implementation is your configuration.
Setting Configuration Values
Values only need to be set once. We recommend doing this once and as early in the life cycle as possible. To set a configuration value, the put
method on the config
instance needs to be called, the put
method returns the config
instance so they can be chained.
Alternatively, you can set the config by passing a JSON object directly.
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
fcl
.config() // returns the config instance
.put("foo", "bar") // configures "foo" to be "bar"
.put("baz", "buz"); // configures "baz" to be "buz"
// OR
fcl.config({
foo: "bar",
baz: "buz",
});
Getting Configuration Values
The config
instance has an asynchronous get
method. You can also pass it a fallback value.
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
fcl.config().put("foo", "bar").put("woot", 5).put("rawr", 7);
const FALLBACK = 1;
async function addStuff() {
var woot = await fcl.config().get("woot", FALLBACK); // will be 5 -- set in the config before
var rawr = await fcl.config().get("rawr", FALLBACK); // will be 7 -- set in the config before
var hmmm = await fcl.config().get("hmmm", FALLBACK); // will be 1 -- uses fallback because this isnt in the config
return woot + rawr + hmmm;
}
addStuff().then((d) => console.log(d)); // 13 (5 + 7 + 1)
Common Configuration Keys
Name | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
accessNode.api (required) | https://access-testnet.onflow.org | API URL for the Flow Blockchain Access Node you want to be communicating with. See all available access node endpoints here. |
env | testnet | Used in conjunction with stored interactions. Possible values: local , canarynet , testnet , mainnet |
discovery.wallet (required) | https://fcl-discovery.onflow.org/testnet/authn | Points FCL at the Wallet or Wallet Discovery mechanism. |
discovery.authn.endpoint (alpha) | https://fcl-discovery.onflow.org/api/testnet/authn | Endpoint for alternative configurable Wallet Discovery mechanism. Read more on discovery |
app.detail.title | Cryptokitties | Your applications title, can be requested by wallets and other services. |
app.detail.icon | https://fcl-discovery.onflow.org/images/blocto.png | Url for your applications icon, can be requested by wallets and other services. |
challenge.handshake | DEPRECATED | Use discovery.wallet instead. |
Address replacement in scripts and transactions
Configuration keys that start with 0x
will be used to find-and-replace their values in Cadence scripts and transactions input to FCL. Typically this is used to represent account addresses. Account addresses for the same contract will be different depending on the Flow network you're interacting with (eg. Testnet, Mainnet).
This allows you to write your script or transaction once and not have to update code when you point your application at a different Flow network.
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
fcl
.config()
.put("accessNode.api", "https://access-testnet.onflow.org")
.put("0xFlowToken", "0x7e60df042a9c0868");
async function myScript() {
return fcl.query({
cadence: `
import FlowToken from 0xFlowToken // will be replaced with 0xf233dcee88fe0abe because of the configuration
pub fun main(): UFix64 {
return FlowToken.totalSupply // arbitrary script that can access FlowToken interface
}
`,
});
}
Example
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
fcl
.config()
.put("env", "testnet")
.put("accessNode.api", "https://access-testnet.onflow.org")
.put("discovery.wallet", "https://fcl-discovery.onflow.org/testnet/authn")
.put("app.detail.title", "Test Harness")
.put("app.detail.icon", "https://i.imgur.com/r23Zhvu.png")
.put("0xFlowToken", "0x7e60df042a9c0868");
Wallet Interactions
These methods allows dapps to interact with FCL compatible wallets in order to authenticate the user and authorize transactions on their behalf.
⚠️These methods are async.
Methods
authenticate
⚠️This method can only be used in web browsers.
Calling this method will authenticate the current user via any wallet that supports FCL. Once called, FCL will initiate communication with the configured discovery.wallet
endpoint which lets the user select a wallet to authenticate with. Once the wallet provider has authenticated the user, FCL will set the values on the current user object for future use and authorization.
Note
⚠️discovery.wallet
value must be set in the configuration before calling this method. See FCL Configuration.
📣 The default discovery endpoint will open an iframe overlay to let the user choose a supported wallet.
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
fcl
.config()
.put("accessNode.api", "https://access-testnet.onflow.org")
.put("discovery.wallet", "https://fcl-discovery.onflow.org/testnet/authn");
// anywhere on the page
fcl.authenticate();
Note
⚠️ authenticate
can also take a service returned from discovery with fcl.authenticate({ service })
.
Examples
unauthenticate
⚠️This method can only be used in web browsers.
Logs out the current user and sets the values on the current user object to null.
Note
⚠️The current user must be authenticated first.
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
fcl.config().put("accessNode.api", "https://access-testnet.onflow.org");
// first authenticate to set current user
fcl.authenticate();
// ... somewhere else & sometime later
fcl.unauthenticate();
// fcl.currentUser().loggedIn === null
Examples
reauthenticate
⚠️This method can only be used in web browsers.
A convenience method that calls fcl.unauthenticate()
and then fcl.authenticate()
for the current user.
Note
⚠️The current user must be authenticated first.
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
// first authenticate to set current user
fcl.authenticate();
// ... somewhere else & sometime later
fcl.reauthenticate();
// logs out user and opens up login/sign-up flow
Examples
signUp
⚠️This method can only be used in web browsers.
A convenience method that calls and is equivalent to fcl.authenticate()
.
login
⚠️This method can only be used in web browsers.
A convenience method that calls and is equivalent to fcl.authenticate()
.
authz
A convenience method that produces the needed authorization details for the current user to submit transactions to Flow. It defines a signing function that connects to a user's wallet provider to produce signatures to submit transactions.
📣 You can replace this function with your own authorization function if needed.
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
AuthorizationObject | An object containing the necessary details from the current user to authorize a transaction in any role. |
Usage
Note: The default values for proposer
, payer
, and authorizations
are already fcl.authz
so there is no need to include these parameters, it is shown only for example purposes. See more on signing roles.
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
// login somewhere before
fcl.authenticate();
// once logged in authz will produce values
console.log(fcl.authz);
// prints {addr, signingFunction, keyId, sequenceNum} from the current authenticated user.
const txId = await fcl.mutate({
cadence: `
import Profile from 0xba1132bc08f82fe2
transaction(name: String) {
prepare(account: AuthAccount) {
account.borrow<&{Profile.Owner}>(from: Profile.privatePath)!.setName(name)
}
}
`,
args: (arg, t) => [arg("myName", t.String)],
proposer: fcl.authz, // optional - default is fcl.authz
payer: fcl.authz, // optional - default is fcl.authz
authorizations: [fcl.authz], // optional - default is [fcl.authz]
});
Current User
Holds the current user, if set, and offers a set of functions to manage the authentication and authorization of the user.
⚠️The following methods can only be used in web browsers.
Methods
currentUser().subscribe
The callback passed to subscribe will be called when the user authenticates and un-authenticates, making it easy to update the UI accordingly.
Arguments
Name | Type | |
---|---|---|
callback | function | The callback will be called with the current user as the first argument when the current user is set or removed. |
Usage
import React, { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
export function AuthCluster() {
const [user, setUser] = useState({ loggedIn: null });
useEffect(() => fcl.currentUser().subscribe(setUser), []); // sets the callback for FCL to use
if (user.loggedIn) {
return (
<div>
<span>{user?.addr ?? "No Address"}</span>
<button onClick={fcl.unauthenticate}>Log Out</button> {/* once logged out in setUser(user) will be called */}
</div>
);
} else {
return (
<div>
<button onClick={fcl.logIn}>Log In</button>{" "}
{/* once logged in setUser(user) will be called */}
<button onClick={fcl.signUp}>Sign Up</button> {/* once signed up, setUser(user) will be called */}
</div>
);
}
}
currentUser().snapshot
Returns the current user object. This is the same object that is set and available on fcl.currentUser().subscribe(callback)
.
Usage
// returns the current user object
const user = fcl.currentUser().snapshot();
// subscribes to the current user object and logs to console on changes
fcl.currentUser().subscribe(console.log);
currentUser().authenticate
Equivalent to fcl.authenticate
.
currentUser().unauthenticate
Equivalent to fcl.unauthenticate
.
currentUser().authorization
Equivalent to fcl.authz
currentUser().signUserMessage
A method to use allowing the user to personally sign data via FCL Compatible Wallets/Services.
⚠️ This method requires the current user's wallet to support a signing service endpoint. Currently, only Blocto is compatible with this feature by default.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
message | string (required) | A hexadecimal string to be signed |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
Array | An Array of CompositeSignatures: {addr , keyId , signature } |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl"
export const signMessage = async () => {
const MSG = Buffer.from("FOO").toString("hex")
try {
return await currentUser().signUserMessage(MSG)
} catch (error) {
console.log(error)
}
}
Discovery (alpha)
discovery
An alternative to Discovery Wallet (a pre-built service list for authentication) where dapp developers can access services in directly in their code in order to build customized authentication experiences.
⚠️The following methods can only be used in web browsers.
Note
⚠️discovery.authn.endpoint
value must be set in the configuration before calling this method. See FCL Configuration.
Suggested Configuration
Environment | Example |
---|---|
Mainnet | https://fcl-discovery.onflow.org/api/authn |
Testnet | https://fcl-discovery.onflow.org/api/testnet/authn |
If the Discovery endpoint is set in config, then you can iterate through authn services and pass the chosen service to authenticate to authenticate a user.
Usage
import "./config"
import { useState, useEffect } from "react"
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl"
function Component() {
const [services, setServices] = useState([])
useEffect(() => fcl.discovery.authn.subscribe(res => setServices(res.results)), [])
return (
<div>
{services.map(service => <button key={service.provider.address} onClick={() => fcl.authenticate({ service })}>Login with {service.provider.name}</button>)}
</div>
)
}
authn
discovery.authn.snapshot()
Return a list of authn
services.
discovery.authn.subscribe(callback)
The callback sent to subscribe
will be called with a list of authn
services.
On-chain Interactions
📣 These methods can be used in browsers and NodeJS.
These methods allows dapps to interact directly with the Flow blockchain via a set of functions that currently use the Access Node API.
Methods
Query and Mutate Flow with Cadence
If you want to run arbitrary Cadence scripts on the blockchain, these methods offer a convenient way to do so without having to build, send, and decode interactions.
query
Allows you to submit scripts to query the blockchain.
Options
Pass in the following as a single object with the following keys.All keys are optional unless otherwise stated.
Key | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
cadence | string (required) | A valid cadence script. |
args | ArgumentFunction | Any arguments to the script if needed should be supplied via a function that returns an array of arguments. |
limit | number | Compute (Gas) limit for query. Read the documentation about computation cost for information about how computation cost is calculated on Flow. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
any | A JSON representation of the response. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const result = await fcl.query({
cadence: `
pub fun main(a: Int, b: Int, addr: Address): Int {
log(addr)
return a + b
}
`,
args: (arg, t) => [
arg(7, t.Int), // a: Int
arg(6, t.Int), // b: Int
arg("0xba1132bc08f82fe2", t.Address), // addr: Address
],
});
console.log(result); // 13
Examples
mutate
Allows you to submit transactions to the blockchain to potentially mutate the state.
⚠️When being used in the browser, fcl.mutate
uses the built-in fcl.authz
function to produce the authorization (signatures) for the current user. When calling this method from Node.js, you will need to supply your own custom authorization function.
Options
Pass in the following as a single object with the following keys. All keys are optional unless otherwise stated.
Key | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
cadence | string (required) | A valid cadence transaction. |
args | ArgumentFunction | Any arguments to the script if needed should be supplied via a function that returns an array of arguments. |
limit | number | Compute (Gas) limit for query. Read the documentation about computation cost for information about how computation cost is calculated on Flow. |
proposer | AuthorizationFunction | The authorization function that returns a valid AuthorizationObject for the proposer role. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
string | The transaction ID. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
// login somewhere before
fcl.authenticate();
const txId = await fcl.mutate({
cadence: `
import Profile from 0xba1132bc08f82fe2
transaction(name: String) {
prepare(account: AuthAccount) {
account.borrow<&{Profile.Owner}>(from: Profile.privatePath)!.setName(name)
}
}
`,
args: (arg, t) => [arg("myName", t.String)],
});
Examples
verifyUserSignatures
A method allowing applications to cryptographically verify the ownership of a Flow account by verifying a message was signed by a user's private key/s. This is typically used with the response from currentUser().signUserMessage
.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
message | string (required) | A hexadecimal string |
compositeSignatures | Array (required) | An Array of CompositeSignatures |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
Boolean | true if verifed or false |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl"
const verifySignatures = async (message, compositeSignatures) => {
try {
return await verifyUserSignatures(message, compositeSignatures)
} catch (error) {
console.log(error)
}
}
Examples
Use cases include cryptographic login, message validation, verifiable credentials, and others.
Query and mutate the blockchain with Builders
In some cases, you may want to utilize pre-built interactions or build more complex interactions than what the fcl.query
and fcl.mutate
interface offer. To do this, FCL uses a pattern of building up an interaction with a combination of builders, resolving them, and sending them to the chain.
⚠️Recommendation: Unless you have a specific use case that require usage of these builders, you should be able to achieve most cases with
fcl.query({...options}
orfcl.mutate({...options})
send
Sends arbitrary scripts, transactions, and requests to Flow.
This method consumes an array of builders that are to be resolved and sent. The builders required to be included in the array depend on the interaction that is being built.
Note
⚠️Must be used in conjuction with fcl.decode(response)
to get back correct keys and all values in JSON.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
builders | [Builders] | See builder functions. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
ResponseObject | An object containing the data returned from the chain. Should always be decoded with fcl.decode() to get back appropriate JSON keys and values. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
// a script only needs to resolve the arguments to the script
const response = await fcl.send([fcl.script`${script}`, fcl.args(args)]);
// note: response values are encoded, call await fcl.decode(response) to get JSON
// a transaction requires multiple 'builders' that need to be resolved prior to being sent to the chain - such as setting the authorizations.
const response = await fcl.send([
fcl.transaction`
${transaction}
`,
fcl.args(args),
fcl.proposer(proposer),
fcl.authorizations(authorizations),
fcl.payer(payer),
fcl.limit(9999),
]);
// note: response contains several values (Cad)
Examples
decode
Decodes the response from fcl.send()
into the appropriate JSON representation of any values returned from Cadence code.
Note
📣 To define your own decoder, see tutorial
.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
response | ResponseObject | Should be the response returned from fcl.send([...]) |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
any | A JSON representation of the raw string response depending on the cadence code executed. The return value can be a single value and type or an object with multiple types. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
import * as types from "@onflow/types";
// simple script to add 2 numbers
const response = await fcl.send([
fcl.script`
pub fun main(int1: Int, int2: Int): Int {
return int1 + int2
}
`,
fcl.args([fcl.arg(1, types.Int), fcl.arg(2, types.Int)]),
]);
const decoded = await fcl.decode(response);
assert(3 === decoded);
assert(typeof decoded === "number");
Examples
Builders
These methods fill out various portions of a transaction or script template in order to build, resolve, and send it to the blockchain. A valid populated template is referred to as an Interaction.
⚠️These methods must be used with fcl.send([...builders]).then(fcl.decode)
Query Builders
getAccount
A builder function that returns the interaction to get an account by address.
⚠️Consider using the pre-built interaction fcl.account(address)
if you do not need to pair with any other builders.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
address | Address | Address of the user account with or without a prefix (both formats are supported). |
Returns after decoding
Type | Description |
---|---|
AccountObject | A JSON representation of a user account. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
// somewhere in an async function
// fcl.account is the same as this function
const getAccount = async (address) => {
const account = await fcl.send([fcl.getAccount(address)]).then(fcl.decode);
return account;
};
getBlock
A builder function that returns the interaction to get the latest block.
📣 Use with fcl.atBlockId()
and fcl.atBlockHeight()
when building the interaction to get information for older blocks.
⚠️Consider using the pre-built interaction fcl.latestBlock(isSealed)
if you do not need to pair with any other builders.
Arguments
Name | Type | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
isSealed | boolean | false | If the latest block should be sealed or not. See block states. |
Returns after decoding
Type | Description |
---|---|
BlockObject | The latest block if not used with any other builders. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const latestSealedBlock = await fcl
.send([
fcl.getBlock(true), // isSealed = true
])
.then(fcl.decode);
atBlockHeight
A builder function that returns a partial interaction to a block at a specific height.
⚠️Use with other interactions like fcl.getBlock()
to get a full interaction at the specified block height.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
blockHeight | number | The height of the block to execute the interaction at. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
Partial Interaction | A partial interaction to be paired with another interaction such as fcl.getBlock() or fcl.getAccount() . |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
await fcl.send([fcl.getBlock(), fcl.atBlockHeight(123)]).then(fcl.decode);
atBlockId
A builder function that returns a partial interaction to a block at a specific block ID.
⚠️Use with other interactions like fcl.getBlock()
to get a full interaction at the specified block ID.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
blockId | string | The ID of the block to execute the interaction at. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
Partial Interaction | A partial interaction to be paired with another interaction such as fcl.getBlock() or fcl.getAccount() . |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
await fcl.send([fcl.getBlock(), fcl.atBlockId("23232323232")]).then(fcl.decode);
getBlockHeader
A builder function that returns the interaction to get a block header.
📣 Use with fcl.atBlockId()
and fcl.atBlockHeight()
when building the interaction to get information for older blocks.
Returns after decoding
Type | Description |
---|---|
BlockHeaderObject | The latest block header if not used with any other builders. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const latestBlockHeader = await fcl
.send([fcl.getBlockHeader()])
.then(fcl.decode);
getEventsAtBlockHeightRange
A builder function that returns all instances of a particular event (by name) within a height range.
⚠️The block range provided must be from the current spork.
⚠️The block range provided must be 250 blocks or lower per request.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
eventName | EventName | The name of the event. |
fromBlockHeight | number | The height of the block to start looking for events (inclusive). |
toBlockHeight | number | The height of the block to stop looking for events (inclusive). |
Returns after decoding
Type | Description |
---|---|
[EventObject] | An array of events that matched the eventName. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const events = await fcl
.send([
fcl.getEventsAtBlockHeightRange(
"A.7e60df042a9c0868.FlowToken.TokensWithdrawn",
35580624,
35580624
),
])
.then(fcl.decode);
getEventsAtBlockIds
A builder function that returns all instances of a particular event (by name) within a set of blocks, specified by block ids.
⚠️The block range provided must be from the current spork.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
eventName | EventName | The name of the event. |
blockIds | number | The ids of the blocks to scan for events. |
Returns after decoding
Type | Description |
---|---|
[EventObject] | An array of events that matched the eventName. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const events = await fcl
.send([
fcl.getEventsAtBlockIds("A.7e60df042a9c0868.FlowToken.TokensWithdrawn", [
"c4f239d49e96d1e5fbcf1f31027a6e582e8c03fcd9954177b7723fdb03d938c7",
"5dbaa85922eb194a3dc463c946cc01c866f2ff2b88f3e59e21c0d8d00113273f",
]),
])
.then(fcl.decode);
getCollection
A builder function that returns all a collection containing a list of transaction ids by its collection id.
⚠️The block range provided must be from the current spork. All events emitted during past sporks is current unavailable.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
collectionID | string | The id of the collection. |
Returns after decoding
Type | Description |
---|---|
CollectionObject | An object with the id and a list of transactions within the requested collection. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const collection = await fcl
.send([
fcl.getCollection(
"cccdb0c67d015dc7f6444e8f62a3244ed650215ed66b90603006c70c5ef1f6e5"
),
])
.then(fcl.decode);
getTransactionStatus
A builder function that returns the status of transaction.
⚠️The transactionID provided must be from the current spork.
📣 Considering subscribing to the transaction from fcl.tx(id)
instead of calling this method directly.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
transactionId | string | The transactionID returned when submitting a transaction. Example: 9dda5f281897389b99f103a1c6b180eec9dac870de846449a302103ce38453f3 |
Returns after decoding
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
events | [EventObject] | An array of events that were emitted during the transaction. |
status | TransactionStatus | The status of the transaction on the blockchain. |
statusString alpha | TransactionStatus | The status as as descriptive text (e.g. "FINALIZED"). |
errorMessage | string | An error message if it exists. Default is an empty string '' . |
statusCode | GRPCStatus | The status from the GRPC response. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const status = await fcl
.send([
fcl.getTransactionStatus(
"9dda5f281897389b99f103a1c6b180eec9dac870de846449a302103ce38453f3"
),
])
.then(fcl.decode);
getTransaction
A builder function that returns a transaction object once decoded.
⚠️The transactionID provided must be from the current spork.
📣 Considering using fcl.tx(id).onceSealed()
instead of calling this method directly.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
transactionId | string | The transactionID returned when submitting a transaction. Example: 9dda5f281897389b99f103a1c6b180eec9dac870de846449a302103ce38453f3 |
Returns after decoding
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
events | [EventObject] | An array of events that matched the eventName. |
status | TransactionStatus | The status of the transaction on the blockchain. |
errorMessage | string | An error message if it exists. Default is an empty string '' . |
statusCode | GRPCStatus | The status from the GRPC response. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const tx = await fcl
.send([
fcl.getTransaction(
"9dda5f281897389b99f103a1c6b180eec9dac870de846449a302103ce38453f3"
),
])
.then(fcl.decode);
getEvents
(Deprecated)
Use fcl.getEventsAtBlockHeightRange
or fcl.getEventsAtBlockIds
.
getLatestBlock
(Deprecated)
Use fcl.getBlock
.
getBlockById
(Deprecated)
Use fcl.getBlock
and fcl.atBlockId
.
getBlockByHeight
(Deprecated)
Use fcl.getBlock
and fcl.atBlockHeight
.
Utility Builders
These builders are used to compose interactions with other builders such as scripts and transactions.
⚠️Recommendation: Unless you have a specific use case that require usage of these builders, you should be able to achieve most cases with
fcl.query({...options}
orfcl.mutate({...options})
arg
A utility builder to be used with fcl.args[...]
to create FCL supported arguments for interactions.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
value | any | Any value that you are looking to pass to other builders. |
type | FType | A type supported by Flow. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
ArgumentObject | Holds the value and type passed in. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
await fcl
.send([
fcl.script`
pub fun main(a: Int, b: Int): Int {
return a + b
}
`,
fcl.args([
fcl.arg(5, t.Int), // a
fcl.arg(4, t.Int), // b
]),
])
.then(fcl.decode);
args
A utility builder to be used with other builders to pass in arguments with a value and supported type.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
args | [Argument Objects] | An array of arguments that you are looking to pass to other builders. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
Partial Interaction | An interaction that contains the arguments and types passed in. This alone is a partial and incomplete interaction. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
await fcl
.send([
fcl.script`
pub fun main(a: Int, b: Int): Int {
return a + b
}
`,
fcl.args([
fcl.arg(5, t.Int), // a
fcl.arg(4, t.Int), // b
]),
])
.then(fcl.decode); // 9
Template Builders
⚠️**Recommended:** The following functionality is simplified by
fcl.query({...options}
orfcl.mutate({...options})
and is reccomended to use over the functions below.
script
A template builder to use a Cadence script for an interaction.
📣 Use with fcl.args(...)
to pass in arguments dynamically.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
CODE | string | Should be valid Cadence script. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
Interaction | An interaction containing the code passed in. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const code = `
pub fun main(): Int {
return 5 + 4
}
`;
const answer = await fcl.send([fcl.script(code)]).then(fcl.decode);
console.log(answer); // 9
transaction
A template builder to use a Cadence transaction for an interaction.
⚠️Must be used with fcl.payer
, fcl.proposer
, fcl.authorizations
to produce a valid interaction before sending to the chain.
📣 Use with fcl.args[...]
to pass in arguments dynamically.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
CODE | string | Should be valid a Cadence transaction. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
Partial Interaction | An partial interaction containing the code passed in. Further builders are required to complete the interaction - see warning. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const code = `
pub fun main(): Int {
return 5 + 4
}
`;
const answer = await fcl.send([fcl.script(code)]).then(fcl.decode);
console.log(answer); // 9
Pre-built Interactions
These functions are abstracted short hand ways to skip the send and decode steps of sending an interaction to the chain. More pre-built interactions are coming soon.
account
A pre-built interaction that returns the details of an account from their public address.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
address | Address | Address of the user account with or without a prefix (both formats are supported). |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
AccountObject | A JSON representation of a user account. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const account = await fcl.account("0x1d007d755706c469");
latestBlock
A pre-built interaction that returns the latest block (optionally sealed or not).
Arguments
Name | Type | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
isSealed | boolean | false | If the latest block should be sealed or not. See block states. |
Returns
Type | Description |
---|---|
BlockObject | A JSON representation of a block. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const latestBlock = await fcl.latestBlock();
Transaction Status Utility
tx
A utility function that lets you set the transaction to get subsequent status updates (via polling) and the finalized result once available.
⚠️The poll rate is set at 2500ms
and will update at that interval until transaction is sealed.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
transactionId | string | A valid transaction id. |
Returns
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
snapshot() | function | Returns the current state of the transaction. |
subscribe(cb) | function | Calls the cb passed in with the new transaction on a status change. |
onceFinalized() | function | Provides the transaction once status 2 is returned. See Tranasaction Statuses. |
onceExecuted() | function | Provides the transaction once status 3 is returned. See Tranasaction Statuses. |
onceSealed() | function | Provides the transaction once status 4 is returned. See Tranasaction Statuses. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
const [txStatus, setTxStatus] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => fcl.tx(txId).subscribe(setTxStatus));
Examples
Event Polling Utility
events
A utility function that lets you set the transaction to get subsequent status updates (via polling) and the finalized result once available.
⚠️The poll rate is set at 10000ms
and will update at that interval for getting new events.
Arguments
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
eventName | string | A valid event name. |
Returns
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
subscribe(cb) | function | Calls the cb passed in with the new event. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
// in some react component
fcl.events(eventName).subscribe((event) => {
console.log(event)
})
Examples
Types, Interfaces, and Definitions
Builders
Builders are modular functions that can be coupled together with fcl.send([...builders])
to create an Interaction. The builders needed to create an interaction depend on the script or transaction that is being sent.
Interaction
An interaction is an object containing the information to perform an action on chain.This object is populated through builders and converted into the approriate access node API call. See the interaction object here. A 'partial' interaction is an interaction object that does not have sufficient information to the intended on-chain action. Multiple partial interactions (through builders) can be coupled to create a complete interaction.
CurrentUserObject
Key | Value Type | Default | Description |
---|---|---|---|
addr | Address | null | The public address of the current user |
cid | string | null | Allows wallets to specify a content identifier for user metadata. |
expiresAt | number | null | Allows wallets to specify a time-frame for a valid session. |
f_type | string | 'USER' | A type identifier used internally by FCL. |
f_vsn | string | '1.0.0' | FCL protocol version. |
loggedIn | boolean | null | If the user is logged in. |
services | [ServiceObject] | [] | A list of trusted services that express ways of interacting with the current user's identity, including means to further discovery, authentication, authorization, or other kinds of interactions. |
AuthorizationObject
This type conforms to the interface required for FCL to authorize transaction on behalf o the current user.
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
addr | Address | The address of the authorizer |
signingFunction | function | A function that allows FCL to sign using the authorization details and produce a valid signature. |
keyId | number | The index of the key to use during authorization. (Multiple keys on an account is possible). |
sequenceNum | number | A number that is incremented per transaction using they keyId. |
SignableObject
An object that contains all the information needed for FCL to sign a message with the user's signature.
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
addr | Address | The address of the authorizer |
keyId | number | The index of the key to use during authorization. (Multiple keys on an account is possible). |
signature | function | A SigningFunction that can produce a valid signature for a user from a message. |
AccountObject
The JSON representation of an account on the Flow blockchain.
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
address | Address | The address of the account |
balance | number | The FLOW balance of the account in 10*6. |
code | Code | The code of any Cadence contracts stored in the account. |
contracts | Object: Contract | An object with keys as the contract name deployed and the value as the the cadence string. |
keys | [KeyObject] | Any contracts deployed to this account. |
Address
Value Type | Description |
---|---|
string(formatted) | A valid Flow address should be 16 characters in length. A 0x prefix is optional during inputs. eg. f8d6e0586b0a20c1 |
ArgumentObject
An argument object created by fcl.arg(value,type)
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
value | any | Any value to be used as an argument to a builder. |
xform | FType | Any of the supported types on Flow. |
ArgumentFunction
An function that takes the fcl.arg
function and fcl types t
and returns an array of fcl.arg(value,type)
.
(arg, t) => Array<Arg>
Parameter Name | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
arg | function | A function that returns an ArgumentObject - fcl.arg . |
t | FTypes | An object with acccess to all of the supported types on Flow. |
Returns
Value Type | Description |
---|---|
[fcl.args] | Array of fcl.args . |
Authorization Function
An authorization function must produce the information of the user that is going to sign and a signing function to use the information to produce a signature.
⚠️This function is always async.
📣 By default FCL exposes fcl.authz
that produces the authorization object for the current user (given they are signed in and only on the browser). Replace this with your own function that conforms to this interface to use it wherever an authorization object is needed.
Parameter Name | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
account | AccountObject | The account of the user that is going to sign. |
Returns
Value Type | Description |
---|---|
Promise<AuthorizationObject> | The object that contains all the information needed by FCL to authorize a user's transaction. |
Usage
const authorizationFunction = async (account) => {
// authorization function need to return an account
const { address, keys } = account
const tempId = `${address}-${keys[process.env.minterAccountIndex]}`;
const keyId = Number(KEY_ID);
let signingFunction = async signable => {
return {
keyId,
addr: fcl.withPrefix(address),
signature: sign(process.env.FLOW_MINTER_PRIVATE_KEY, signable.message), // signing function, read below
}
}
return {
...account,
address,
keyId,
tempId,
signingFunction,
}
Examples:
Signing Function
Consumes a payload and produces a signature for a transaction.
⚠️This function is always async.
📣 Only write your own signing function if you are writing your own custom authorization function.
Payload
Note: These values are destructed from the payload object in the first argument.
Parameter Name | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
message | string | The encoded string which needs to be used to produce the signature. |
addr | string | The encoded string which needs to be used to produce the signature. |
keyId | string | The encoded string which needs to be used to produce the signature. |
roles | string | The encoded string which needs to be used to produce the signature. |
voucher | object | The raw transactions information, can be used to create the message for additional safety and lack of trust in the supplied message. |
Returns
Value Type | Description |
---|---|
Promise<SignableObject> | The object that contains all the information needed by FCL to authorize a user's transaction. |
Usage
import * as fcl from "@onflow/fcl";
import { ec as EC } from "elliptic";
import { SHA3 } from "sha3";
const ec: EC = new EC("p256");
const produceSignature = (privateKey, msg) => {
const key = ec.keyFromPrivate(Buffer.from(privateKey, "hex"));
const sig = key.sign(this.hashMsg(msg));
const n = 32;
const r = sig.r.toArrayLike(Buffer, "be", n);
const s = sig.s.toArrayLike(Buffer, "be", n);
return Buffer.concat([r, s]).toString("hex");
};
const signingFunction = ({
message, // The encoded string which needs to be used to produce the signature.
addr, // The address of the Flow Account this signature is to be produced for.
keyId, // The keyId of the key which is to be used to produce the signature.
roles: {
proposer, // A Boolean representing if this signature to be produced for a proposer.
authorizer, // A Boolean representing if this signature to be produced for a authorizer.
payer, // A Boolean representing if this signature to be produced for a payer.
},
voucher, // The raw transactions information, can be used to create the message for additional safety and lack of trust in the supplied message.
}) => {
return {
addr, // The address of the Flow Account this signature was produced for.
keyId, // The keyId for which key was used to produce the signature.
signature: produceSignature(message), // The hex encoded string representing the signature of the message.
};
};
Examples:
TransactionRolesObject
Key Name | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
proposer | boolean | A Boolean representing if this signature to be produced for a proposer. |
authorizer | boolean | A Boolean representing if this signature to be produced for an authorizer. |
payer | boolean | A Boolean representing if this signature to be produced for a payer. |
For more on what each transaction role means, see singing roles.
EventName
Value Type | Description |
---|---|
string(formatted) | A event name in Flow must follow the format A.{AccountAddress}.{ContractName}.{EventName} eg. A.ba1132bc08f82fe2.Debug.Log |
Contract
Value Type | Description |
---|---|
string(formatted) | A formatted string that is a valid cadence contract. |
KeyObject
This is the JSON representation of a key on the Flow blockchain.
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
index | number | The address of the account |
publicKey | string | The FLOW balance of the account in 10*6. |
signAlgo | number | An index referring to one of ECDSA_P256 or ECDSA_secp256k1 |
hashAlgo | number | An index referring to one of SHA2_256 or SHA3_256 |
weight | number | A number between 1 and 1000 indicating the relative weight to other keys on the account. |
sequenceNumber | number | This number is incremented for every transaction signed using this key. |
revoked | boolean | If this key has been disabled for use. |
BlockObject
The JSON representation of a key on the Flow blockchain.
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
id | string | The id of the block. |
parentId | string | The id of the parent block. |
height | number | The height of the block. |
timestamp | object | Contains time related fields. |
collectionGuarantees | [CollectionGuaranteeObject] | Contains the ids of collections included in the block. |
blockSeals | [SealedBlockObject] | The details of which nodes executed and sealed the blocks. |
signatures | Uint8Array([numbers]) | All signatures. |
BlockHeaderObject
The subset of the BlockObject containing only the header values of a block.
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
id | string | The id of the block. |
parentId | string | The id of the parent block. |
height | number | The height of the block. |
timestamp | object | Contains time related fields. |
CollectionGuaranteeObject
A collection that has been included in a block.
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
collectionId | string | The id of the block. |
signatures | [SignatureObject] | All signatures. |
CollectionObject
A collection is a list of transactions that are contained in the same block.
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
id | string | The id of the collection. |
transactionIds | [string] | The ids of the transactions included in the collection. |
ResponseObject
The format of all responses in FCL returned from fcl.send(...)
. For full details on the values and descriptions of the keys, view here.
Key |
---|
tag |
transaction |
transactionStatus |
transactionId |
encodedData |
events |
account |
block |
blockHeader |
latestBlock |
collection |
Event Object
Key | Value Type | Description |
---|---|---|
blockId | string | ID of the block that contains the event. |
blockHeight | number | Height of the block that contains the event. |
blockTimestamp | string | The timestamp of when the block was sealed in a DateString format. eg. '2021-06-25T13:42:04.227Z' |
type | EventName | A string containing the event name. |
transactionId | string | Can be used to query transaction information, eg. via a Flow block explorer. |
transactionIndex | number | Used to prevent replay attacks. |
eventIndex | number | Used to prevent replay attacks. |
data | any | The data emitted from the event. |
Transaction Statuses
The status of a transaction will depend on the Flow blockchain network and which phase it is in as it completes and is finalized.
Status Code | Description |
---|---|
0 | Unknown |
1 | Transaction Pending - Awaiting Finalization |
2 | Transaction Finalized - Awaiting Execution |
3 | Transaction Executed - Awaiting Sealing |
4 | Transaction Sealed - Transaction Complete. At this point the transaction result has been committed to the blockchain. |
5 | Transaction Expired |
GRPC Statuses
The access node GRPC implementation follows the standard GRPC Core status code spec. View here.
FType
FCL arguments must specify one of the following support types for each value passed in.
Type | Example |
---|---|
UInt | fcl.arg(1, t.UInt) |
UInt8 | fcl.arg(8, t.UInt8) |
UInt16 | fcl.arg(16, t.UInt16) |
UInt32 | fcl.arg(32, t.UInt32) |
UInt64 | fcl.arg(64, t.UInt64) |
UInt128 | fcl.arg(128, t.UInt128) |
UInt256 | fcl.arg(256, t.UInt256) |
Int | fcl.arg(1, t.Int) |
Int8 | fcl.arg(8, t.Int8) |
Int16 | fcl.arg(16, t.Int16) |
Int32 | fcl.arg(32, t.Int32) |
Int64 | fcl.arg(64, t.Int64) |
Int128 | fcl.arg(128, t.Int128) |
Int256 | fcl.arg(256, t.Int256) |
Word8 | fcl.arg(8, t.Word8) |
Word16 | fcl.arg(16, t.Word16) |
Word32 | fcl.arg(32, t.Word32) |
Word64 | fcl.arg(64, t.Word64) |
UFix64 | fcl.arg("64.123", t.UFix256) |
Fix64 | fcl.arg("64.123", t.Fix256) |
String | fcl.arg("Flow", t.String) |
Character | fcl.arg("c", t.String) |
Bool | fcl.arg(true, t.String) |
Address | fcl.arg("0xABC123DEF456", t.String) |
Optional | fcl.arg("Flow", t.Optional(t.String)) |
Array | fcl.args([ fcl.arg(["First", "Second"], t.Array(t.String)) ]) |
Dictionary | fcl.args([fcl.arg([{key: 1, value: "one"}, {key: 2, value: "two"}], t.Dictionary({key: t.Int, value: t.String}))]) |
| Path
| fcl.arg({ domain: "public", identifier: "flowTokenVault" }, t.Path)
|